DRUM & PERCUSSION GLOSSARY

TECHNIQUES

Rudiments

The building blocks of drumming technique, rudiments are patterns such as single strokes, double strokes, and paradiddles that form the core of drumbeats and fills. Mastering these is essential for dynamic and controlled playing.

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Ghost Notes

Soft, subtle notes typically played on the snare drum that add texture and groove to a rhythm without overpowering the main beat. These delicate notes require precision and control.

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Flam

A fundamental technique where two drumsticks strike the drum almost simultaneously, creating a fuller and more pronounced sound. Commonly used in both fills and rudiments.

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Buzz Roll (Press Roll)

A rolling sound achieved by bouncing the drumsticks across the drumhead in quick succession. This technique is prominent in orchestral music and dynamic transitions.

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Heel-Toe Technique

A foot technique used on the bass drum to play rapid, consecutive notes by utilizing both the heel and toe in a rolling motion on a pedal.

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STYLES

Rock Drumming

Characterized by powerful, steady beats and driving rhythms. Often incorporates heavy use of the bass drum, snare, and crash cymbals.

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Jazz Drumming

A more subtle and intricate style that emphasizes swing, syncopation, and fluid movement around the drum kit. Brushes are often used to achieve a softer tone.

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Afro-Cuban Percussion

Originating from African and Cuban traditions, this style integrates hand drums like congas and bongos alongside heavy rhythmic interplay. It is key to Latin music genres.

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Funk Drumming

Defined by tight grooves and syncopation, funk drumming often highlights the accents on the hi-hat and features compelling snare-heavy backbeat.

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Blues Shuffle

A rhythmic "swinging" pulse on the ride or hi-hat, paired with a solid backbeat on the snare drum. A hallmark of traditional blues.

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EQUIPMENT

Snare Drum

A core component of any drum kit, the snare drum produces sharp, crisp tones and often carries the backbeat. Its distinctive sound comes from metal wires, called snares, stretched across the bottom head.

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Kick Drum (Bass Drum)

The largest drum in the kit, played with a foot pedal, it lays down the foundation of any rhythm with deep, resonant beats.

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Hi-Hat

A pair of cymbals mounted on a stand, controlled by a foot pedal. The hi-hat is versatile for shimmery closed sounds, open swishes, and everything in between.

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Toms (Rack Toms, Floor Toms)

Drums of varying sizes located above the bass drum or positioned on the floor. Toms are often used in fills and add depth to the drum kit.

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Cymbals

Includes various types such as ride cymbals for steady rhythms, crash cymbals for accents, and splash cymbals for quick, sharp effects. Each type offers unique tonal qualities.

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Percussion Instruments

Includes auxiliary instruments like tambourines, shakers, cowbells, and blocks that add rhythm and texture to music styles ranging from pop to orchestral.